St. Augustine: On the Holy Trinity, Doctrinal Treatises, Moral Treatises
ON THE HOLY TRINITY; DOCTRINAL TREATISES; MORAL TREATISES
NICENE AND POST-NICENE CHURCH FATHERS: SERIES 1: VOLUME III ON THE HOLY TRINITY. DOCTRINAL TREATISES. MORAL TREATISES.
A SELECT LIBRARY OF THE NICENE AND POST-NICENE FATHERS OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH.
DOCTRINAL TREATISES OF SAINT AUGUSTIN
On The Trinity
The Enchiridion
On the Catechising of the Uninstructed
A Treatise on Faith and the Creed
Concerning Faith of Things Not Seen
On the Profit of Believing
On the Creed
MORAL TREATISES OF SAINT AUGUSTIN
On Continence
On the Good of Marriage
Of Holy Virginity
On the Good of Widowhood
On Lying
Against Lying
Of the Work of Monks
On Patience
On Care to Be Had for the Dead
DOCTRINAL TREATISES OF SAINT AUGUSTIN
On The Trinity
Book I
Chapter 1
This Work is Written Against Those Who Sophistically Assail the Faith of the Trinity, Through Misuse of Reason. They Who Dispute Concerning God Err from a Threefold Cause. Holy Scripture, Removing What is False, Leads Us on by Degrees to Things Divine. What True Immortality is. We are Nourished by Faith, that We May Be Enabled to Apprehend Things Divine
Chapter 2
In What Manner This Work Proposes to Discourse Concerning the Trinity
Chapter 3
What Augustin Requests from His Readers. The Errors of Readers Dull of Comprehension Not to Be Ascribed to the Author
Chapter 4
What the Doctrine of the Catholic Faith is Concerning the Trinity
Chapter 5
Of Difficulties Concerning the Trinity: in What Manner Three are One God, and How, Working Indivisibly, They Yet Perform Some Things Severally
Chapter 6
That the Son is Very God, of the Same Substance with the Father. Not Only the Father, But the Trinity, is Affirmed to Be Immortal. All Things are Not from the Father Alone, But Also from the Son. That the Holy Spirit is Very God, Equal with the Father and the Son
Chapter 7
In What Manner the Son is Less Than the Father, and Than Himself
Chapter 8
The Texts of Scripture Explained Respecting the Subjection of the Son to the Father, Which Have Been Misunderstood. Christ Will Not So Give Up the Kingdom to the Father, as to Take It Away from Himself. The Beholding Him is the Promised End of All Actions. The Holy Spirit is Sufficient to Our Blessedness Equally with the Father
Chapter 9
All are Sometimes Understood in One Person
Chapter 10
In What Manner Christ Shall Deliver Up the Kingdom to God, Even the Father. The Kingdom Having Been Delivered to God, Even the Father, Christ Will Not Then Make Intercession for Us
Chapter 11
By What Rule in the Scriptures It is Understood that the Son is Now Equal and Now Less
Chapter 12
In What Manner the Son is Said Not to Know the Day and the Hour Which the Father Knows. Some Things Said of Christ According to the Form of God, Other Things According to the Form of a Servant. In What Way It is of Christ to Give the Kingdom, in What Not of Christ. Christ Will Both Judge and Not Judge
Chapter 13
Diverse Things are Spoken Concerning the Same Christ, on Account of the Diverse Natures of the One Hypostasis [Theanthropic Person]. Why It is Said that the Father Will Not Judge, But Has Given Judgment to the Son
Book II
Preface
Chapter 1
There is a Double Rule for Understanding the Scriptural Modes of Speech Concerning the Son of God. These Modes of Speech are of a Threefold Kind
Chapter 2
That Some Ways of Speaking Concerning the Son are to Be Understood According to Either Rule
Chapter 3
Some Things Concerning the Holy Spirit are to Be Understood According to the One Rule Only
Chapter 4
The Glorification of the Son by the Father Does Not Prove Inequality
Chapter 5
The Son and Holy Spirit are Not Therefore Less Because Sent. The Son is Sent Also by Himself. Of the Sending of the Holy Spirit
Chapter 6
The Creature is Not So Taken by the Holy Spirit as Flesh is by the Word
Chapter 7
A Doubt Raised About Divine Appearances
Chapter 8
The Entire Trinity Invisible
Chapter 9
Against Those Who Believed the Father Only to Be Immortal and Invisible. The Truth to Be Sought by Peaceful Study
Chapter 10
Whether God the Trinity Indiscriminately Appeared to the Fathers, or Any One Person of the Trinity. The Appearing of God to Adam. Of the Same Appearance. The Vision to Abraham
Chapter 11
Of the Same Appearance
Chapter 12
The Appearance to Lot is Examined
Chapter 13
The Appearance in the Bush
Chapter 14
Of the Appearance in the Pillar of Cloud and of Fire
Chapter 15
Of the Appearance on Sinai. Whether the Trinity Spake in that Appearance or Some One Person Specially
Chapter 16
In What Manner Moses Saw God
Chapter 17
How the Back Parts of God Were Seen. The Faith of the Resurrection of Christ. The Catholic Church Only is the Place from Whence the Back Parts of God are Seen. The Back Parts of God Were Seen by the Israelites. It is a Rash Opinion to Think that God the Father Only Was Never Seen by the Fathers
Chapter 18
The Vision of Daniel
Book III
Preface
Why Augustin Writes of the Trinity. What He Claims from Readers. What Has Been Said in the Previous Book
Chapter 1
What is to Be Said Thereupon
Chapter 2
The Will of God is the Higher Cause of All Corporeal Change. This is Shown by an Example
Chapter 3
Of the Same Argument
Chapter 4
God Uses All Creatures as He Will, and Makes Visible Things for the Manifestation of Himself
Chapter 5
Why Miracles are Not Usual Works
Chapter 6
Diversity Alone Makes a Miracle
Chapter 7
Great Miracles Wrought by Magic Arts
Chapter 8
God Alone Creates Those Things Which are Changed by Magic Art
Chapter 9
The Original Cause of All Things is from God
Chapter 10
In How Many Ways the Creature is to Be Taken by Way of Sign. The Eucharist
Chapter 11
The Essence of God Never Appeared in Itself. Divine Appearances to the Fathers Wrought by the Ministry of Angels. An Objection Drawn from the Mode of Speech Removed. That the Appearing of God to Abraham Himself, Just as that to Moses, Was Wrought by Angels. The Same Thing is Proved by the Law Being Given to Moses by Angels. What Has Been Said in This Book, and What Remains to Be Said in the Next
Book IV
Preface
The Knowledge of God is to Be Sought from God
Chapter 1
We are Made Perfect by Acknowledgement of Our Own Weakness. The Incarnate Word Dispels Our Darkness
Chapter 2
How We are Rendered Apt for the Perception of Truth Through the Incarnate Word
Chapter 3
The One Death and Resurrection of The Body of Christ Harmonizes with Our Double Death and Resurrection of Body and Soul, to the Effect of Salvation. In What Way the Single Death of Christ is Bestowed Upon Our Double Death
Chapter 4
The Ratio of the Single to the Double Comes from the Perfection of the Senary Number. The Perfection of The Senary Number is Commended in the Scriptures. The Year Abounds in The Senary Number
Chapter 5
The Number Six is Also Commended in the Building Up of the Body of Christ and of the Temple at Jerusalem
Chapter 6
The Three Days of the Resurrection, in Which Also the Ratio of Single to Double is Apparent
Chapter 7
In What Manner We are Gathered from Many into One Through One Mediator
Chapter 8
In What Manner Christ Wills that All Shall Be One in Himself
Chapter 9
The Same Argument Continued
Chapter 10
As Christ is the Mediator of Life, So the Devil is the Mediator of Death
Chapter 11
Miracles Which are Done by Demons are to Be Spurned
Chapter 12
The Devil the Mediator of Death, Christ of Life
Chapter 13
The Death of Christ Voluntary. How the Mediator of Life Subdued the Mediator of Death. How the Devil Leads His Own to Despise the Death of Christ
Chapter 14
Christ the Most Perfect Victim for Cleansing Our Faults. In Every Sacrifice Four Things are to Be Considered
Chapter 15
They are Proud Who Think They are Able, by Their Own Righteousness, to Be Cleansed So as to See God
Chapter 16
The Old Philosophers are Not to Be Consulted Concerning the Resurrection and Concerning Things to Come
Chapter 17
In How Many Ways Things Future are Foreknown. Neither Philosophers, Nor Those Who Were Distinguished Among the Ancients, are to Be Consulted Concerning the Resurrection of the Dead
Chapter 18
The Son of God Became Incarnate in Order that We Being Cleansed by Faith May Be Raised to the Unchangeable Truth
Chapter 19
In What Manner the Son Was Sent and Proclaimed Beforehand. How in the Sending of His Birth in the Flesh He Was Made Less Without Detriment to His Equality with the Father
Chapter 20
The Sender and the Sent Equal. Why the Son is Said to Be Sent by the Father. Of the Mission of the Holy Spirit. How and by Whom He Was Sent. The Father the Beginning of the Whole Godhead
Chapter 21
Of the Sensible Showing of the Holy Spirit, and of the Coeternity of the Trinity. What Has Been Said, and What Remains to Be Said
Book V
Chapter 1
What the Author Entreats from God, What from the Reader. In God Nothing is to Be Thought Corporeal or Changeable
Chapter 2
God the Only Unchangeable Essence
Chapter 3
The Argument of the Arians is Refuted, Which is Drawn from the Words Begotten and Unbegotten
Chapter 4
The Accidental Always Implies Some Change in the Thing
Chapter 5
Nothing is Spoken of God According to Accident, But According to Substance or According to Relation
Chapter 6
Reply is Made to the Cavils of the Heretics in Respect to the Same Words Begotten and Unbegotten
Chapter 7
The Addition of a Negative Does Not Change the Predicament
Chapter 8
Whatever is Spoken of God According to Substance, is Spoken of Each Person Severally, and Together of the Trinity Itself. One Essence in God, and Three, in Greek, Hypostases, in Latin, Persons
Chapter 9
The Three Persons Not Properly So Called [in a Human Sense]
Chapter 10
Those Things Which Belong Absolutely to God as an Essence, are Spoken of the Trinity in the Singular, Not in the Plural
Chapter 11
What is Said Relatively in the Trinity
Chapter 12
In Relative Things that are Reciprocal, Names are Sometimes Wanting
Chapter 13
How the Word Beginning (Principium) is Spoken Relatively in the Trinity
Chapter 14
The Father and the Son the Only Beginning (Principium) of the Holy Spirit
Chapter 15
Whether the Holy Spirit Was a Gift Before as Well as After He Was Given
Chapter 16
What is Said of God in Time, is Said Relatively, Not Accidentally
Book VI
Chapter 1
The Son, According to the Apostle, is the Power and Wisdom of the Father. Hence the Reasoning of the Catholics Against the Earlier Arians. A Difficulty is Raised, Whether the Father is Not Wisdom Himself, But Only the Father of Wisdom
Chapter 2
What is Said of the Father and Son Together, and What Not
Chapter 3
That the Unity of the Essence of the Father and the Son is to Be Gathered from the Words, “We are One.” The Son is Equal to the Father Both in Wisdom and in All Other Things
Chapter 4
The Same Argument Continued
Chapter 5
The Holy Spirit Also is Equal to the Father and the Son in All Things
Chapter 6
How God is a Substance Both Simple and Manifold
Chapter 7
God is a Trinity, But Not Triple (Triplex)
Chapter 8
No Addition Can Be Made to the Nature of God
Chapter 9
Whether One or the Three Persons Together are Called the Only God
Chapter 10
Of the Attributes Assigned by Hilary to Each Person. The Trinity is Represented in Things that are Made
Book VII
Chapter 1
Augustin Returns to the Question, Whether Each Person of the Trinity by Itself is Wisdom. With What Difficulty, or in What Way, the Proposed Question is to Be Solved
Chapter 2
The Father and the Son are Together One Wisdom, as One Essence, Although Not Together One Word
Chapter 3
Why the Son Chiefly is Intimated in the Scriptures by the Name of Wisdom, While Both the Father and the Holy Spirit are Wisdom. That the Holy Spirit, Together with the Father and the Son, is One Wisdom
Chapter 4
How It Was Brought About that the Greeks Speak of Three Hypostases, the Latins of Three Persons. Scripture Nowhere Speaks of Three Persons in One God
Chapter 5
In God, Substance is Spoken Improperly, Essence Properly
Chapter 6
Why We Do Not in the Trinity Speak of One Person, and Three Essences. What He Ought to Believe Concerning the Trinity Who Does Not Receive What is Said Above. Man is Both After the Image, and is the Image of God
Book VIII
Preface
The Conclusion of What Has Been Said Above. The Rule to Be Observed in the More Difficult Questions of the Faith
Chapter 1
It is Shown by Reason that in God Three are Not Anything Greater Than One Person
Chapter 2
Every Corporeal Conception Must Be Rejected, in Order that It May Be Understood How God is Truth
Chapter 3
How God May Be Known to Be the Chief Good. The Mind Does Not Become Good Unless by Turning to God
Chapter 4
God Must First Be Known by an Unerring Faith, that He May Be Loved
Chapter 5
How the Trinity May Be Loved Though Unknown
Chapter 6
How the Man Not Yet Righteous Can Know the Righteous Man Whom He Loves
Chapter 7
Of True Love, by Which We Arrive at the Knowledge of the Trinity. God is to Be Sought, Not Outwardly, by Seeking to Do Wonderful Things with the Angels, But Inwardly, by Imitating the Piety of Good Angels
Chapter 8
That He Who Loves His Brother, Loves God; Because He Loves Love Itself, Which is of God, and is God
Chapter 9
Our Love of the Righteous is Kindled from Love Itself of the Unchangeable Form of Righteousness
Chapter 10
There are Three Things in Love, as It Were a Trace of the Trinity
Book IX
Chapter 1
In What Way We Must Inquire Concerning the Trinity
Chapter 2
The Three Things Which are Found in Love Must Be Considered
Chapter 3
The Image of the Trinity in the Mind of Man Who Knows Himself and Loves Himself. The Mind Knows Itself Through Itself
Chapter 4
The Three are One, and Also Equal, Viz The Mind Itself, and the Love, and the Knowledge of It. That the Same Three Exist Substantially, and are Predicated Relatively. That the Same Three are Inseparable. That the Same Three are Not Joined and Commingled Like Parts, But that They are of One Essence, and are Relatives
Chapter 5
That These Three are Several in Themselves, and Mutually All in All
Chapter 6
There is One Knowledge of the Thing in the Thing Itself, and Another in Eternal Truth Itself. That Corporeal Things, Too, are to Be Judged the Rules of Eternal Truth
Chapter 7
We Conceive and Beget the Word Within, from the Things We Have Beheld in the Eternal Truth. The Word, Whether of the Creature or of the Creator, is Conceived by Love
Chapter 8
In What Desire and Love Differ
Chapter 9
In the Love of Spiritual Things the Word Born is the Same as the Word Conceived. It is Otherwise in the Love of Carnal Things
Chapter 10
Whether Only Knowledge that is Loved is the Word of the Mind
Chapter 11
That the Image or Begotten Word of the Mind that Knows Itself is Equal to the Mind Itself
Chapter 12
Why Love is Not the Offspring of the Mind, as Knowledge is So. The Solution of the Question. The Mind with the Knowledge of Itself and the Love of Itself is the Image of the Trinity
Book X
Chapter 1
The Love of the Studious Mind, that Is, of One Desirous to Know, is Not the Love of a Thing Which It Does Not Know
Chapter 2
No One at All Loves Things Unknown
Chapter 3
That When the Mind Loves Itself, It is Not Unknown to Itself
Chapter 4
How the Mind Knows Itself, Not in Part, But as a Whole
Chapter 5
Why the Soul is Enjoined to Know Itself. Whence Come the Errors of the Mind Concerning Its Own Substance
Chapter 6
The Opinion Which the Mind Has of Itself is Deceitful
Chapter 7
The Opinions of Philosophers Respecting the Substance of the Soul. The Error of Those Who are of Opinion that the Soul is Corporeal, Does Not Arise from Defective Knowledge of the Soul, But from Their Adding There to Something Foreign to It. What is Meant by Finding
Chapter 8
How the Soul Inquires into Itself. Whence Comes the Error of the Soul Concerning Itself
Chapter 9
The Mind Knows Itself, by the Very Act of Understanding the Precept to Know Itself
Chapter 10
Every Mind Knows Certainly Three Things Concerning Itself—That It Understands, that It Is, and that It Lives
Chapter 11
In Memory, Understanding [or Intelligence], and Will, We Have to Note Ability, Learning, and Use. Memory, Understanding, and Will are One Essentially, and Three Relatively
Chapter 12
The Mind is an Image of the Trinity in Its Own Memory, and Understanding, and Will
Book XI
Chapter 1
A Trace of the Trinity Also In the Outer Man
Chapter 2
A Certain Trinity in the Sight. That There are Three Things in Sight, Which Differ in Their Own Nature. In What Manner from a Visible Thing Vision is Produced, or the Image of that Thing Which is Seen. The Matter is Shown More Clearly by an Example. How These Three Combine in One
Chapter 3
The Unity of the Three Takes Place in Thought, Viz Of Memory, of Ternal Vision, and of Will Combining Both
Chapter 4
How This Unity Comes to Pass
Chapter 5
The Trinity of the Outer Man, or of External Vision, is Not an Image of God. The Likeness of God is Desired Even in Sins. In External Vision the Form of the Corporeal Thing is as It Were the Parent, Vision the Offspring; But the Will that Unites These Suggests the Holy Spirit
Chapter 6
Of What Kind We are to Reckon the Rest (Requies), and End (Finis), of the Will in Vision
Chapter 7
There is Another Trinity in the Memory of Him Who Thinks Over Again What He Has Seen
Chapter 8
Different Modes of Conceiving
Chapter 9
Species is Produced by Species in Succession
Chapter 10
The Imagination Also Adds Even to Things We Have Not Seen, Those Things Which We Have Seen Elsewhere
Chapter 11
Number, Weight, Measure
Book XII
Chapter 1
Of What Kind are the Outer and the Inner Man
Chapter 2
Man Alone of Animate Creatures Perceives the Eternal Reasons of Things Pertaining to the Body
Chapter 3
The Higher Reason Which Belongs to Contemplation, and the Lower Which Belongs to Action, are in One Mind
Chapter 4
The Trinity and the Image of God is in that Part of the Mind Alone Which Belongs to the Contemplation of Eternal Things
Chapter 5
The Opinion Which Devises an Image of the Trinity in the Marriage of Male and Female, and in Their Offspring
Chapter 6
Why This Opinion is to Be Rejected
Chapter 7
How Man is the Image of God. Whether the Woman is Not Also the Image of God. How the Saying of the Apostle, that the Man is the Image of God, But the Woman is the Glory of the Man, is to Be Understood Figuratively and Mystically
Chapter 8
Turning Aside from the Image of God
Chapter 9
The Same Argument is Continued
Chapter 10
The Lowest Degradation Reached by Degrees
Chapter 11
The Image of the Beast in Man
Chapter 12
There is a Kind of Hidden Wedlock in the Inner Man. Unlawful Pleasures of the Thoughts
Chapter 13
The Opinion of Those Who Have Thought that the Mind Was Signified by the Man, the Bodily Sense by the Woman
Chapter 14
What is the Difference Between Wisdom and Knowledge. The Worship of God is the Love of Him. How the Intellectual Cognizance of Eternal Things Comes to Pass Through Wisdom
Chapter 15
In Opposition to the Reminiscence of Plato and Pythagoras. Pythagoras the Samian. Of the Difference Between Wisdom and Knowledge, and of Seeking the Trinity in the Knowledge of Temporal Things
Book XIII
Chapter 1
The Attempt is Made to Distinguish Out of the Scriptures the Offices of Wisdom and of Knowledge. That in the Beginning of John Some Things that are Said Belong to Wisdom, Some to Knowledge. Some Things There are Only Known by the Help of Faith. How We See the Faith that is in Us. In the Same Narrative of John, Some Things are Known by the Sense of the Body, Others Only by the Reason of the Mind
Chapter 2
Faith a Thing of the Heart, Not of the Body; How It is Common and One and the Same in All Believers. The Faith of Believers is One, No Otherwise than the Will of Those Who Will is One
Chapter 3
Some Desires Being the Same in All, are Known to Each. The Poet Ennius
Chapter 4
The Will to Possess Blessedness is One in All, But the Variety of Wills is Very Great Concerning that Blessedness Itself
Chapter 5
Of the Same Thing
Chapter 6
Why, When All Will to Be Blessed, that is Rather Chosen by Which One Withdraws from Being So
Chapter 7
Faith is Necessary, that Man May at Some Time Be Blessed, Which He Will Only Attain in the Future Life. The Blessedness of Proud Philosophers Ridiculous and Pitiable
Chapter 8
Blessedness Cannot Exist Without Immortality
Chapter 9
We Say that Future Blessedness is Truly Eternal, Not Through Human Reasonings, But by the Help of Faith. The Immortality of Blessedness Becomes Credible from the Incarnation of the Son of God
Chapter 10
There Was No Other More Suitable Way of Freeing Man from the Misery of Mortality Than The Incarnation of the Word. The Merits Which are Called Ours are the Gifts of God
Chapter 11
A Difficulty, How We are Justified in the Blood of the Son of God
Chapter 12
All, on Account of the Sin of Adam, Were Delivered into the Power of the Devil
Chapter 13
Man Was to Be Rescued from the Power of the Devil, Not by Power, But by Righteousness
Chapter 14
The Unobligated Death of Christ Has Freed Those Who Were Liable to Death
Chapter 15
Of the Same Subject
Chapter 16
The Remains of Death and the Evil Things of the World Turn to Good for the Elect. How Fitly the Death of Christ Was Chosen, that We Might Be Justified in His Blood. What the Anger of God is
Chapter 17
Other Advantages of the Incarnation
Chapter 18
Why the Son of God Took Man Upon Himself from the Race of Adam, and from a Virgin
Chapter 19
What in the Incarnate Word Belongs to Knowledge, What to Wisdom
Chapter 20
What Has Been Treated of in This Book. How We Have Reached by Steps to a Certain Trinity, Which is Found in Practical Knowledge and True Faith
Book XIV
Chapter 1
What the Wisdom is of Which We are Here to Treat. Whence the Name of Philosopher Arose. What Has Been Already Said Concerning the Distinction of Knowledge and Wisdom
Chapter 2
There is a Kind of Trinity in the Holding, Contemplating, and Loving of Faith Temporal, But One that Does Not Yet Attain to Being Properly an Image of God
Chapter 3
A Difficulty Removed, Which Lies in the Way of What Has Just Been Said
Chapter 4
The Image of God is to Be Sought in the Immortality of the Rational Soul. How a Trinity is Demonstrated in the Mind
Chapter 5
Whether the Mind of Infants Knows Itself
Chapter 6
How a Kind of Trinity Exists in the Mind Thinking of Itself. What is the Part of Thought in This Trinity
Chapter 7
The Thing is Made Plain by an Example. In What Way the Matter is Handled in Order to Help the Reader
Chapter 8
The Trinity Which is the Image of God is Now to Be Sought in the Noblest Part of the Mind
Chapter 9
Whether Justice and the Other Virtues Cease to Exist in the Future Life
Chapter 10
How a Trinity is Produced by the Mind Remembering, Understanding, and Loving Itself
Chapter 11
Whether Memory is Also of Things Present
Chapter 12
The Trinity in the Mind is the Image of God, in that It Remembers, Understands, and Loves God, Which to Do is Wisdom
Chapter 13
How Any One Can Forget and Remember God
Chapter 14
The Mind Loves God in Rightly Loving Itself; And If It Love Not God, It Must Be Said to Hate Itself. Even a Weak and Erring Mind is Always Strong in Remembering, Understanding, and Loving Itself. Let It Be Turned to God, that It May Be Blessed by Remembering, Understanding, and Loving Him
Chapter 15
Although the Soul Hopes for Blessedness, Yet It Does Not Remember Lost Blessedness, But Remembers God and the Rules of Righteousness. The Unchangeable Rules of Right Living are Known Even to the Ungodly
Chapter 16
How the Image of God is Formed Anew in Man
Chapter 17
How the Image of God in the Mind is Renewed Until the Likeness of God is Perfected in It in Blessedness
Chapter 18
Whether the Sentence of John is to Be Understood of Our Future Likeness with the Son of God in the Immortality Itself Also of the Body
Chapter 19
John is Rather to Be Understood of Our Perfect Likeness with the Trinity in Life Eternal. Wisdom is Perfected in Happiness
Book XV
Chapter 1
God is Above the Mind
Chapter 2
God, Although Incomprehensible, is Ever to Be Sought. The Traces of the Trinity are Not Vainly Sought in the Creature
Chapter 3
A Brief Recapitulation of All the Previous Books
Chapter 4
What Universal Nature Teaches Us Concerning God
Chapter 5
How Difficult It is to Demonstrate the Trinity by Natural Reason
Chapter 6
How There is a Trinity in the Very Simplicity of God. Whether and How the Trinity that is God is Manifested from the Trinities Which Have Been Shown to Be in Men
Chapter 7
That It is Not Easy to Discover the Trinity that is God from the Trinities We Have Spoken of
Chapter 8
How the Apostle Says that God is Now Seen by Us Through a Glass
Chapter 9
Of the Term “Enigma,” And of Tropical Modes of Speech
Chapter 10
Concerning the Word of the Mind, in Which We See the Word of God, as in a Glass and an Enigma
Chapter 11
The Likeness of the Divine Word, Such as It Is, is to Be Sought, Not in Our Own Outer and Sensible Word, But in the Inner and Mental One. There is the Greatest Possible Unlikeness Between Our Word and Knowledge and the Divine Word and Knowledge
Chapter 12
The Academic Philosophy
Chapter 13
Still Further of the Difference Between the Knowledge and Word of Our Mind, and the Knowledge and Word of God
Chapter 14
The Word of God is in All Things Equal to the Father, from Whom It is
Chapter 15
How Great is the Unlikeness Between Our Word and the Divine Word. Our Word Cannot Be or Be Called Eternal
Chapter 16
Our Word is Never to Be Equalled to the Divine Word, Not Even When We Shall Be Like God
Chapter 17
How the Holy Spirit is Called Love, and Whether He Alone is So Called. That the Holy Spirit is in the Scriptures Properly Called by the Name of Love
Chapter 18
No Gift of God is More Excellent Than Love
Chapter 19
The Holy Spirit is Called the Gift of God in the Scriptures. By the Gift of the Holy Spirit is Meant the Gift Which is the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit is Specially Called Love, Although Not Only the Holy Spirit in the Trinity is Love
Chapter 20
Against Eunomius, Saying that the Son of God is the Son, Not of His Nature, But of His Will. Epilogue to What Has Been Said Already
Chapter 21
Of the Likeness of the Father and of the Son Alleged to Be in Our Memory and Understanding. Of the Likeness of the Holy Spirit in Our Will or Love
Chapter 22
How Great the Unlikeness is Between the Image of the Trinity Which We Have Found in Ourselves, and the Trinity Itself
Chapter 23
Augustin Dwells Still Further on the Disparity Between the Trinity Which is in Man, and the Trinity Which is God. The Trinity is Now Seen Through a Glass by the Help of Faith, that It May Hereafter Be More Clearly Seen in the Promised Sight Face to Face
Chapter 24
The Infirmity of the Human Mind
Chapter 25
The Question Why the Holy Spirit is Not Begotten, and How He Proceeds from the Father and the Son, Will Only Be Understood When We are in Bliss
Chapter 26
The Holy Spirit Twice Given by Christ. The Procession of the Holy Spirit from the Father and from the Son is Apart from Time, Nor Can He Be Called the Son of Both
Chapter 27
What It is that Suffices Here to Solve the Question Why the Spirit is Not Said to Be Begotten, and Why the Father Alone is Unbegotten. What They Ought to Do Who Do Not Understand These Things
Chapter 28
The Conclusion of the Book with a Prayer, and an Apology for Multitude of Words
The Enchiridion
Chapter 1
The Author Desires the Gift of True Wisdom for Laurentius
Chapter 2
The Fear of God is Man’s True Wisdom
Chapter 3
God is to Be Worshipped Through Faith, Hope, and Love
Chapter 4
The Questions Propounded by Laurentius
Chapter 5
Brief Answers to These Questions
Chapter 6
Controversy Out of Place in a Handbook Like the Present
Chapter 7
The Creed and the Lord’s Prayer Demand the Exercise of Faith, Hope, and Love
Chapter 8
The Distinction Between Faith and Hope, and the Mutual Dependence of Faith, Hope, and Love
Chapter 9
What We are to Believe. In Regard to Nature It is Not Necessary for the Christian to Know More Than that the Goodness of the Creator is the Cause of All Things
Chapter 10
The Supremely Good Creator Made All Things Good
Chapter 11
What is Called Evil in the Universe is But the Absence of Good
Chapter 12
All Beings Were Made Good, But Not Being Made Perfectly Good, are Liable to Corruption
Chapter 13
There Can Be No Evil Where There is No Good; And an Evil Man is an Evil Good
Chapter 14
Good and Evil are an Exception to the Rule that Contrary Attributes Cannot Be Predicated of the Same Subject. Evil Springs Up in What is Good, and Cannot Exist Except in What is Good
Chapter 15
The Preceding Argument is in No Wise Inconsistent with the Saying of Our Lord: “A Good Tree Cannot Bring Forth Evil Fruit.”
Chapter 16
It is Not Essential to Man’s Happiness that He Should Know the Causes of Physical Convulsions; But It Is, that He Should Know the Causes of Good and Evil
Chapter 17
The Nature of Error. All Error is Not Hurtful, Though It is Man’s Duty as Far as Possible to Avoid It
Chapter 18
It is Never Allowable to Tell a Lie; But Lies Differ Very Much in Guilt, According to the Intention and the Subject
Chapter 19
Men’s Errors Vary Very Much in the Magnitude of the Evils They Produce; But Yet Every Error is in Itself an Evil
Chapter 20
Every Error is Not a Sin. An Examination of the Opinion of the Academic Philosophers, that to Avoid Error We Should in All Cases Suspend Belief
Chapter 21
Error, Though Not Always a Sin, is Always an Evil
Chapter 22
A Lie is Not Allowable, Even to Save Another from Injury
Chapter 23
Summary of the Results of the Preceding Discussion
Chapter 24
The Secondary Causes of Evil are Ignorance and Lust
Chapter 25
God’s Judgments Upon Fallen Men and Angels. The Death of the Body is Man’s Peculiar Punishment
Chapter 26
Through Adam’s Sin His Whole Posterity Were Corrupted, and Were Born Under the Penalty of Death, Which He Had Incurred
Chapter 27
The State of Misery to Which Adam’s Sin Reduced Mankind, and the Restoration Effected Through the Mercy of God
Chapter 28
When the Rebellious Angels Were Cast Out, the Rest Remained in the Enjoyment of Eternal Happiness with God
Chapter 29
The Restored Part of Humanity Shall, in Accordance with the Promises of God, Succeed to the Place Which the Rebellious Angels Lost
Chapter 30
Men are Not Saved by Good Works, Nor by the Free Determination of Their Own Will, But by the Grace of God Through Faith
Chapter 31
Faith Itself is the Gift of God; And Good Works Will Not Be Wanting in Those Who Believe
Chapter 32
The Freedom of the Will is Also the Gift of God, for God Worketh in Us Both to Will and to Do
Chapter 33
Men, Being by Nature the Children of Wrath, Needed a Mediator. In What Sense God is Said to Be Angry
Chapter 34
The Ineffable Mystery of the Birth of Christ the Mediator Through the Virgin Mary
Chapter 35
Jesus Christ, Being the Only Son of God, is at the Same Time Man
Chapter 36
The Grace of God is Clearly and Remarkably Displayed in Raising the Man Christ Jesus to the Dignity of the Son of God
Chapter 37
The Same Grace is Further Clearly Manifested in This, that the Birth of Christ According to the Flesh is of the Holy Ghost
Chapter 38
Jesus Christ, According to the Flesh, Was Not Born of the Holy Spirit in Such a Sense that the Holy Spirit is His Father
Chapter 39
Not Everything that is Born of Another is to Be Called a Son of that Other
Chapter 40
Christ’s Birth Through the Holy Spirit Manifests to Us the Grace of God
Chapter 41
Christ, Who Was Himself Free from Sin, Was Made Sin for Us, that We Might Be Reconciled to God
Chapter 42
The Sacrament of Baptism Indicates Our Death with Christ to Sin, and Our Resurrection with Him to Newness of Life
Chapter 43
Baptism and the Grace Which It Typifies are Open to All, Both Infants and Adults
Chapter 44
In Speaking of Sin, the Singular Number is Often Put for the Plural, and the Plural for the Singular
Chapter 45
In Adam’s First Sin, Many Kinds of Sin Were Involved
Chapter 46
It is Probable that Children are Involved in the Guilt Not Only of the First Pair, But of Their Own Immediate Parents
Chapter 47
It is Difficult to Decide Whether the Sins of a Man’s Other Progenitors are Imputed to Him
Chapter 48
The Guilt of the First Sin is So Great that It Can Be Washed Away Only in the Blood of the Mediator, Jesus Christ
Chapter 49
Christ Was Not Regenerated in the Baptism of John, But Submitted to It to Give Us an Example of Humility, Just as He Submitted to Death, Not as the Punishment of Sin, But to Take Away the Sin of the World
Chapter 50
Christ Took Away Not Only the One Original Sin, But All the Other Sins that Have Been Added to It
Chapter 51
All Men Born of Adam are Under Condemnation, and Only If New Born in Christ are Freed from Condemnation
Chapter 52
In Baptism, Which is the Similitude of the Death and Resurrection of Christ, All, Both Infants and Adults, Die to Sin that They May Walk in Newness of Life
Chapter 53
Christ’s Cross and Burial, Resurrection, Ascension, and Sitting Down at the Right Hand of God, are Images of the Christian Life
Chapter 54
Christ’s Second Coming Does Not Belong to the Past, But Will Take Place at the End of the World
Chapter 55
The Expression, “Christ Shall Judge the Quick and the Dead,” May Be Understood in Either of Two Senses
Chapter 56
The Holy Spirit and the Church. The Church is the Temple of God
Chapter 57
The Condition of the Church in Heaven
Chapter 58
We Have No Certain Knowledge of the Organization of the Angelic Society
Chapter 59
The Bodies Assumed by Angels Raise a Very Difficult, and Not Very Useful, Subject of Discussion
Chapter 60
It is More Necessary to Be Able to Detect the Wiles of Satan When He Transforms Himself into an Angel of Light
Chapter 61
The Church on Earth Has Been Redeemed from Sin by the Blood of a Mediator
Chapter 62
By the Sacrifice of Christ All Things are Restored, and Peace is Made Between Earth and Heaven
Chapter 63
The Peace of God, Which Reigneth in Heaven, Passeth All Understanding
Chapter 64
Pardon of Sin Extends Over the Whole Mortal Life of the Saints, Which, Though Free from Crime, is Not Free from Sin
Chapter 65
God Pardons Sins, But on Condition of Penitence, Certain Times for Which Have Been Fixed by the Law of the Church
Chapter 66
The Pardon of Sin Has Reference Chiefly to the Future Judgment
Chapter 67
Faith Without Works is Dead, and Cannot Save a Man
Chapter 68
The True Sense of the Passage (I Cor. III. 11–15) About Those Who are Saved, Yet So as by Fire
Chapter 69
It is Not Impossible that Some Believers May Pass Through a Purgatorial Fire in the Future Life
Chapter 70
Almsgiving Will Not Atone for Sin Unless the Life Be Changed
Chapter 71
The Daily Prayer of the Believer Makes Satisfaction for the Trivial Sins that Daily Stain His Life
Chapter 72
There are Many Kinds of Alms, the Giving of Which Assists to Procure Pardon for Our Sins
Chapter 73
The Greatest of All Alms is to Forgive Our Debtors and to Love Our Enemies
Chapter 74
God Does Not Pardon the Sins of Those Who Do Not from the Heart Forgive Others
Chapter 75
The Wicked and the Unbelieving are Not Made Clean by the Giving of Alms, Except They Be Born Again
Chapter 76
To Give Alms Aright, We Should Begin with Ourselves, and Have Pity Upon Our Own Souls
Chapter 77
If We Would Give Alms to Ourselves, We Must Flee Iniquity; For He Who Loveth Iniquity Hateth His Soul
Chapter 78
What Sins are Trivial and What Heinous is a Matter for God’s Judgment
Chapter 79
Sins Which Appear Very Trifling, are Sometimes in Reality Very Serious
Chapter 80
Sins, However Great and Detestable, Seem Trivial When We are Accustomed to Them
Chapter 81
There are Two Causes of Sin, Ignorance and Weakness; And We Need Divine Help to Overcome Both
Chapter 82
The Mercy of God is Necessary to True Repentance
Chapter 83
The Man Who Despises the Mercy of God is Guilty of the Sin Against the Holy Ghost
Chapter 84
The Resurrection of the Body Gives Rise to Numerous Questions
Chapter 85
The Case of Abortive Conceptions
Chapter 86
If They Have Ever Lived, They Must of Course Have Died, and Therefore Shall Have a Share in the Resurrection of the Dead
Chapter 87
The Case of Monstrous Births
Chapter 88
The Material of the Body Never Perishes
Chapter 89
But This Material May Be Differently Arranged in the Resurrection Body
Chapter 90
If There Be Differences and Inequalities Among the Bodies of Those Who Rise Again, There Shall Be Nothing Offensive or Disproportionate in Any
Chapter 91
The Bodies of the Saints Shall at The Resurrection Be Spiritual Bodies
Chapter 92
The Resurrection of the Lost
Chapter 93
Both the First and the Second Deaths are the Consequence of Sin. Punishment is Proportioned to Guilt
Chapter 94
The Saints Shall Know More Fully in the Next World the Benefits They Have Received by Grace
Chapter 95
God’s Judgments Shall Then Be Explained
Chapter 96
The Omnipotent God Does Well Even in the Permission of Evil
Chapter 97
In What Sense Does the Apostle Say that “God Will Have All Men to Be Saved,” When, as a Matter of Fact, All are Not Saved?
Chapter 98
Predestination to Eternal Life is Wholly of God’s Free Grace
Chapter 99
As God’s Mercy is Free, So His Judgments are Just, and Cannot Be Gainsaid
Chapter 100
The Will of God is Never Defeated, Though Much is Done that is Contrary to His Will
Chapter 101
The Will of God, Which is Always Good, is Sometimes Fulfilled Through the Evil Will of Man
Chapter 102
The Will of the Omnipotent God is Never Defeated, and is Never Evil
Chapter 103
Interpretation of the Expression in I Tim. II. 4: “Who Will Have All Men to Be Saved.”
Chapter 104
God, Foreknowing the Sin of the First Man, Ordered His Own Purposes Accordingly
Chapter 105
Man Was So Created as to Be Able to Choose Either Good or Evil: in the Future Life, the Choice of Evil Will Be Impossible
Chapter 106
The Grace of God Was Necessary to Man’s Salvation Before the Fall as Well as After It
Chapter 107
Eternal Life, Though the Reward of Good Works, is Itself the Gift of God
Chapter 108
A Mediator Was Necessary to Reconcile Us to God; And Unless This Mediator Had Been God, He Could Not Have Been Our Redeemer
Chapter 109
The State of the Soul During the Interval Between Death and the Resurrection
Chapter 110
The Benefit to the Souls of the Dead from the Sacraments and Alms of Their Living Friends
Chapter 111
After the Resurrection There Shall Be Two Distinct Kingdoms, One of Eternal Happiness, the Other of Eternal Misery
Chapter 112
There is No Ground in Scripture for the Opinion of Those Who Deny the Eternity of Future Punishments
Chapter 113
The Death of the Wicked Shall Be Eternal in the Same Sense as the Life of the Saints
Chapter 114
Having Dealt with Faith, We Now Come to Speak of Hope. Everything that Pertains to Hope is Embraced in the Lord’s Prayer
Chapter 115
The Seven Petitions of the Lord’s Prayer, According to Matthew
Chapter 116
Luke Expresses the Substance of These Seven Petitions More Briefly in Five
Chapter 117
Love, Which is Greater Than Faith and Hope, is Shed Abroad in Our Hearts by the Holy Ghost
Chapter 118
The Four Stages of the Christian’s Life, and the Four Corresponding Stages of the Church’s History
Chapter 119
The Grace of Regeneration Washes Away All Past Sin and All Original Guilt
Chapter 120
Death Cannot Injure Those Who Have Received the Grace of Regeneration
Chapter 121
Love is the End of All the Commandments, and God Himself is Love
Chapter 122
Conclusion
On the Catechising of the Uninstructed
Chapter 1
How Augustin Writes in Answer to a Favor Asked by a Deacon of Carthage
Chapter 2
How It Often Happens that a Discourse Which Gives Pleasure to the Hearer is Distasteful to the Speaker; And What Explanation is to Be Offered of that Fact
Chapter 3
Of the Full Narration to Be Employed in Catechising
Chapter 4
That the Great Reason for the Advent of Christ Was the Commendation of Love
Chapter 5
That the Person Who Comes for Catechetical Instruction is to Be Examined with Respect to His Views, on Desiring to Become a Christian
Chapter 6
Of the Way to Commence the Catechetical Instruction, and of the Narration of Facts from the History of the World’s Creation on to the Present Times of the Church
Chapter 7
Of the Exposition of the Resurrection, the Judgment, and Other Subjects, Which Should Follow This Narration
Chapter 8
Of the Method to Be Pursued in Catechising Those Who Have Had a Liberal Education
Chapter 9
Of the Method in Which Grammarians and Professional Speakers are to Be Dealt with
Chapter 10
Of the Attainment of Cheerfulness in the Duty of Catechising, and of Various Causes Producing Weariness in the Catechumen
Chapter 11
Of the Remedy for the Second Source of Weariness
Chapter 12
Of the Remedy for the Third Source of Weariness
Chapter 13
Of the Remedy for the Fourth Source of Weariness
Chapter 14
Of the Remedy Against the Fifth and Sixth Sources of Weariness
Chapter 15
Of the Method in Which Our Address Should Be Adapted to Different Classes of Hearers
Chapter 16
A Specimen of a Catechetical Address; And First, the Case of a Catechumen with Worthy Views
Chapter 17
The Specimen of Catechetical Discourse Continued, in Reference Specially to the Reproval of False Aims on the Catechumen’s Part
Chapter 18
Of What is to Be Believed on the Subject of the Creation of Man and Other Objects
Chapter 19
Of the Co-Existence of Good and Evil in the Church, and Their Final Separation
Chapter 20
Of Israel’s Bondage in Egypt, Their Deliverance, and Their Passage Through the Red Sea
Chapter 21
Of the Babylonish Captivity, and the Things Signified Thereby
Chapter 22
Of the Six Ages of the World
Chapter 23
Of the Mission of the Holy Ghost Fifty Days After Christ’s Resurrection
Chapter 24
Of the Church in Its Likeness to a Vine Sprouting and Suffering Pruning
Chapter 25
Of Constancy in the Faith of the Resurrection
Chapter 26
Of the Formal Admission of the Catechumen, and of the Signs Therein Made Use of
Chapter 27
Of the Prophecies of the Old Testament in Their Visible Fulfillment in the Church
A Treatise on Faith and the Creed
Chapter 1
Of the Origin and Object of the Composition
Chapter 2
Of God and His Exclusive Eternity
Chapter 3
Of the Son of God, and His Peculiar Designation as the Word
Chapter 4
Of the Son of God as Neither Made by the Father Nor Less Than the Father, and of His Incarnation
Chapter 5
Of Christ’s Passion, Burial, and Resurrection
Chapter 6
Of Christ’s Ascension into Heaven
Chapter 7
Of Christ’s Session at the Father’s Right Hand
Chapter 8
Of Christ’s Coming to Judgment
Chapter 9
Of the Holy Spirit and the Mystery of the Trinity
Chapter 10
Of the Catholic Church, the Remission of Sins, and the Resurrection of the Flesh
Concerning Faith of Things Not Seen
On the Profit of Believing
On the Creed
MORAL TREATISES OF SAINT AUGUSTIN
On Continence
On the Good of Marriage
Of Holy Virginity
On the Good of Widowhood
On Lying
Against Lying
Of the Work of Monks
On Patience
On Care to Be Had for the Dead
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