ST. LIOBA, ABBESS
THIS saint was a great model of Christian
perfection to the Church, both of England, her native country, and of
Germany. She was descended of an illustrious English-Saxon family,
and born among the West-Saxons at Winburn, which name signifies
fountain of wine. Ebba, her pious mother, was nearly related to St.
Boniface of Mentz, and though she had been long barren and had no
prospect of other issue, when Lioba was born, she offered her to God
from her birth, and trained her up in a contempt of the world. By her
direction our saint was placed young in the great monastery of
Winburn, in Dorsetshire, under the care of the holy abbess Tetta, a
person still more eminent for her extraordinary prudence and
sanctity, than for being sister to a king.* Lioba made great progress
in virtue, and took the religious veil. She understood Latin, and
made some verses in that language, as appears from her letters to St.
Boniface: but she read no books but such as were proper to nourish
piety and devotion in her soul. St. Boniface, who had kept up an
epistolary correspondence with her, and was perfectly acquainted with
her distinguished virtue and abilities, became an earnest suitor to
her abbess and bishop, that she might be sent to him, with certain
pious companions, in order to settle some sanctuaries and nurseries
of religion for persons of their sex in the infant church of Germany.
Tetta regretted the loss of so great a treasure, but could not oppose
so urgent a demand.
Lioba arriving in Germany, was settled by St.
Boniface, with her little colony, in a monastery which he gave her,
and which was called Bischofsheim; that is, Bishop’s House. By
the prudence and zeal of our saint, this nunnery became in a short
time very numerous, and out of it she peopled many other houses which
she founded in Germany. She never commanded others anything which she
had not first practised herself. Her countenance appeared always
angelically cheerful and modest, breathing a heavenly devotion and
love. Her time was spent in prayer, and in holy reading and
meditation. She knew by heart the divine precepts of the Old and New
Testaments, the principal canons of the Church, the holy maxims of
the Fathers, and the rules of the monastic life and perfection. By
humility, she placed herself beneath all others, and esteemed herself
as the last of her community, and washed often the feet of the
sisters. The exercise of hospitality and charity to the poor was her
delight. Kings and princes respected and honored her, especially
Pepin, king of the Franks, and his two sons, Charles or Charlemagne
and Carloman. Charlemagne, who reigned alone after the death of his
brother, often sent for her to his court at Aix-la-Chapelle, and
treated her with the highest veneration. His queen Hildegardis loved
her as her own soul, and took her advice in her most weighty
concerns. She was very desirous to have her always with her, had it
been possible, that she might always enjoy the edification and
comfort of her example and instructions. But the holy abbess made all
possible haste back to her monastery. Bishops often had conferences
with her, and listened to her counsels. St. Boniface, a little before
his mission into Friesland and his martyrdom, recommended her in the
most earnest manner to St. Lullus, and to his monks at Fulda,
entreating them to have care of her with respect and honor, and
declaring it his desire, as by his last will, that after her death
she should be buried by his bones that both their bodies might wait
the resurrection, and be raised together in glory to meet the Lord,
and be for ever united in the kingdom of his love. After St.
Boniface’s martyrdom, she made frequent visits to the abbey of
Fulda, and leaving her four or five sister-companions in a
neighboring cell, she was allowed, by a singular privilege, to enter
the abbey with two elder sisters, and assist at the divine service
and conferences: after which she returned to her companions in the
cell; which, when she had continued for a few days, she went back to
her own nunnery. When she was grown very old, by the advice of St.
Lullus, she settled all the nunneries under her care, and resigning
the government, came to reside in a new nunnery at Scornesheim, four
miles from Mentz to the south, where she redoubled her fervor in the
exercises of holy prayer and penance. Queen Hilde, gardis invited her
so earnestly to the court at Aix-la-Chapelle, that she could not
refuse to comply: but, after some days, would absolutely return to
her solitude. Taking leave of the queen, embracing her more
affectionately than usual, and kissing her garment, her forehead, and
mouth, she said: “Fare, well, precious part of my soul; may
Christ our Creator and Redeemer grant that we may see each other
without confusion in the day of judgment.” She died about the
year 779, and was interred at Fulda, on the north side of the high
altar. Her tomb was honored with miracles; her historian assures us
he was himself an eye-witness of several. See her life, carefully
written soon after her death, by Ralph of Fulda, in Mabillon, Acta
Bened, and1. 1, Rerum Mogunt. See also Bulteau, Hist. Mon. l’Occid
t. 4. Perier, t. 7, Sept. p. 748.